Oxygen not included critter - Originally posted by cswiger: I suspect it slows down egg production because the critters get a "glum" debuff. Being outside of comfortable temperature range doesn't cause glum. Hatches live long enough that they don't seem to die off, but Shine nymphs on Rime tend to be in trouble and die off unless the player intervenes.

 
I don't have any problems with sensor, so this is possibly design flaw. Possibly you have an open door inside your pool, or have open end allowing them to swim out of the room. We cannot guess this without seeing your pacu pool. It's even worse if I count critters too. It's even worse if I count critters too.. Tattle.life

Overview of the vertical ranch design for minimal critter movementCritters & Ranching Playlist! https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrnkxsumupjCfwievunC0d...Their major downside right now is that they do not properly reset after harvest and do not eat critters sitting on top of them unless you reload the game, so the farm has to be designed accordingly. Critter pathing means performance drops and that is annoying late game. ... Community for the space-colony simulation game Oxygen …QUONSET, R.I., Aug. 12, 2020 /PRNewswire-PRWeb/ -- The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for the ... QUONSET, R.I., Aug. 12, 2020 /...Pets are the cute companions we dote over but turns out their nearness also helps our mental health, too. Here's how. Pets can have a huge impact on our mental well-being. Here are...Easiest answer is: Go to YouTube, search for "hatch ranch or farm". Hatches are probably your first ranch, for a steady coal supply and power-free ore refinement. Takes a room with a grooming station, critter feeder and critter drop off. By room I mean fully enclosed with doors. More Oxygen Not Included Wiki. 1 Building. 2. 3. Critter Feeder automatically dispenses food for hungry Critters. Critters tend to stay close to their food source and will wander less when given a Feeder. It can store up to 2000 kg of critter food. The following critters (and their variants) can feed from critter feeder: Hatch Shine Bug... List of Critters. There are 11 different categories of Critters in Oxygen Not Included. Most of them hatch from Eggs, which can be eaten or allowed to hatch into young versions of the Critters.... GMC Dec 19, 2019 @ 9:51am. 12 tiles per hatch. 96 tiles is the maximum size of a stable, which limits you to 8 hatches. Eggs count for "cramped" status (which prevents critters from laying more eggs) but not for "overcrowded" (which makes them "glum", substantially reducing their productivity).May 5, 2021 · It is easier to move puft eggs around than to capture wild pufts. You can use airborne critter bait, but that just causes the puft to move to where the bait is. It does not capture the puft. Instead, you have to enclose the area into a room and turn it into a ranch. You can then wrangle the pufts and move them to the permanent ranch. Interesting. The Critter Sensor is set to 0, so it turns on whenever there's a critter. This turns off the not gate, closing the bottom door, and triggering the middle-bottom buffer gate (set to the default of 5 seconds). 5 seconds later (roughly) the second door closes, and the middle-top buffer gate triggers. 5 seconds later the third door closes, and the ...Mosquitoes and other biting bugs are such pests (at least for some of us more than others), and a good bug spray can be a strong line of defense against these critters, but it’s im...People with serious illnesses or disabilities may need medical equipment such as crutches, leg or arm braces, walkers, hospital beds or wheelchairs in their homes. Other medical eq...Sep 8, 2022 ... Pacu Ranching & Pacus Explained - Wild & Tame Ranching Designs & Critter Guide - Oxygen Not Included · Comments27. If the body temp of the critter is in the comfort temp the critters can be happy. If outside the comfort temp but still inside the livable temp, they get a debuff (glum). If the body temp goes outside the livable temp, they die instantly. I'm not sure that is the case. I can't confirm right at the moment but I'm pretty my hatches are slightly ... Pokeshell is a critter that lives in the Tide Pool Biome. They can live in both air and liquid and can be domesticated. They will consume both Rot Piles and Polluted Dirt at 70 kg/cycle, with Oakshells and Sanishells also consuming Slime. Pokeshells drop a Molt when they die, which can be turned into Lime or Lumber with the Rock …The critter condo/water fortress gives +1 happiness. This is enough to put a non groomed/hydrated but otherwise fine tame critter at moderate mood, so it can feed and poop at full capacity (for coal/phosphorite/and such production). It's not enough for the breeding buff which only occurs at happy mood (4+ happiness).Symptoms of low oxygen levels in the blood include rapid breathing, fast heart rate, confusion, shortness of breath and changes in the skin color, which can range from blue to cher... Autowrangle will have ranchers automatically wrangle any critters over the number. Common use: remove all eggs from stable to another location with a critter dropoff with max critters set to zero and autowrangle on. When they hatch and become adults the rancher will automatically wrangle them and take them to another location. When it comes to critter removal, the cost can vary significantly depending on your location. Whether you live in a bustling city or a rural area, there are certain factors that ca...I don't have any problems with sensor, so this is possibly design flaw. Possibly you have an open door inside your pool, or have open end allowing them to swim out of the room. We cannot guess this without seeing your pacu pool. It's even worse if I count critters too. It's even worse if I count critters too.I know that the coal part it's not working because it's related to "have 8 critters in range" but i dont know how to fix it since you cant attach the critters sensor to the the conveyor loader. Oxygen Not Included. A Screenshot of Oxygen Not Included. By: Bullet-Tooth Tony. Oxygen Not Included.I cannot for the life of me figure out how to arm the Airborne Critter Traps once they're built. They don't have a bait material like the old Airborne Critter Bait buildings. I have duplicants with the Ranching 1 skill, which it says it needs, but I must be missing some basic UI element.Go search the Klei forum. Someone has made a critter blueprint library and you can follow the instructions written there to install and restart your game with debug on. Then you can just paint them in. r/Oxygennotincluded.Oxygen Not Included. PSA: You can wrangle flying critters. It is possible to wrangle flying critters such as the Shine Bug or even the Gassy Moo. Build a critter drop off. Set it to auto wrangle, set the amount to 0. Choose the critter you want to wrangle. A rancher will auto wrangle the critter.if you don't feed it and it doesn't have any food in it's enclosure then it should. #1. AlexMBrennan Oct 4, 2022 @ 9:26am. Yes; however, you may want to expedite the disposal of unwanted critters because some variants of hatches can eat meat. #2. Xeno42 Oct 4, 2022 @ 10:07am.What many seniors might not realize is that they may qualify for free portable oxygen concentrators if they meet certain requirements. Answer a few questions to find out if you're ...Critters going glum or halting their reproduction makes sense but for shinebugs or dreckos it would also make sense if they moved to areas in their comfort zone instead of walking randomly to the ice biome and freezing to death. ... Oxygen Not Included [Oxygen Not Included] - General Discussion ; Comfort …May 5, 2021 · It is easier to move puft eggs around than to capture wild pufts. You can use airborne critter bait, but that just causes the puft to move to where the bait is. It does not capture the puft. Instead, you have to enclose the area into a room and turn it into a ranch. You can then wrangle the pufts and move them to the permanent ranch. Interesting. Go search the Klei forum. Someone has made a critter blueprint library and you can follow the instructions written there to install and restart your game with debug on. Then you can just paint them in. r/Oxygennotincluded.Both the critter and adjacent rooms were closed off from the rest of the base and each other. The room with the critter drop off did not have any other critter in it. The wrangle was set to 9, drop off was set to 9, the allowable amount on the drop off was set to 6 (room was empty anyways), and the appropriate critter was selected.The Critter Sensor is set to 0, so it turns on whenever there's a critter. This turns off the not gate, closing the bottom door, and triggering the middle-bottom buffer gate (set to the default of 5 seconds). 5 seconds later (roughly) the second door closes, and the middle-top buffer gate triggers. 5 seconds later the third door closes, and the ...The main symptoms of oxygen deprivation include change in attention, uncoordinated movements, poor judgement, fast heart rate, cough, changes in the color of the skin, complete unr...With today's update introducing the overcrowded debuff on critter taming I found that with a room max size of 96 tiles I can only have 8 hatches.The rest are only useful to bring critters back from extinction. Destruction drops all the contents to the ground. But if there is Critter inside, it is recommended to build Gantry and Critter Drop-Off in Stable. Wait until Duplicants relocate the critter. Save the time capturing the critter and avoid it dying of extreme environment at Space Biome.May 5, 2018 ... Oxygen Not Included - Ranching Upgrade MK 2! The first look at the new changes/additions. This time : We start fresh, new update means a new ...Aug 28, 2019 · critter feeder glitch. I've had this happen in earlier builds of the game, and its still there. the critter feeder usually works as intended, but sometimes it glitches out. when it glitches, it does the following: I'll check the appropriate boxes to feed specific items to a specific critter. but when I back out of the menu, the selections get ... The Saturn Critter Trap plant is a carnivorous plant that lays in wait for unsuspecting critters to happen by, then traps them in its mouth for consumption. The Saturn Trap Plant's predatory mechanism is reflective of the harsh radioactive habitat it resides in. Once trapped in the deadly maw of the plant. creatures are gently asphyxiated then ...I know that the coal part it's not working because it's related to "have 8 critters in range" but i dont know how to fix it since you cant attach the critters sensor to the the conveyor loader. Oxygen Not Included. A Screenshot of Oxygen Not Included. By: Bullet-Tooth Tony. Oxygen Not Included.Nov 17, 2023 · The critter condo/water fortress gives +1 happiness. This is enough to put a non groomed/hydrated but otherwise fine tame critter at moderate mood, so it can feed and poop at full capacity (for coal/phosphorite/and such production). It's not enough for the breeding buff which only occurs at happy mood (4+ happiness). Oxygen Not Included [Oxygen Not Included] - General Discussion ; ... there often was a brief moment during which there was no critter in the hatchery and not enough critters in the main room resulting in an additional egg to be incubated. The filter gate was introduced to circumvent this issue, allowing the system to ignore this false …The Complete Beginner's Completely Incomplete Guide to Oxygen Not Included. RANCHING BASICS. Contents: Introduction. Ranching prerequisites. The stable (and … With the new critter sensors you could also automate sweeping next to a breeding station as well as activating/deactivating this. Not sure if the sweepers also are now able to store an egg into the station itself. With a more complex setup on top of the rooms, I could imagine that the hatches could also be dropped into the ranching room. Set priority on drop off at ranches to x, and drop off in drowning chamber to x-1. Critters from incubators will go to ranches first, then if no room in the ranches, the drowning chamber. Some modifications:. First, build a sweeper overtop to collect meat before any other hatches get the chance to eat them.You can open the stone hatch and select specific items on the list. If you just check stone hatch, it will load anything they can eat. Thank you! You don't have to select the critter type in the critter feeder, instead click the arrow next to "Stone Hatches" for example, and there you can select the material you want your hatches to eat.Tame critters need fed or they'll die, but it's not a requirement to get them tamed. Critter drop offs need to be in a room to work, but it doesn't have to be a stable . ... Related Oxygen Not Included Survival game Gaming forward back. Top Posts Reddit . reReddit: Top posts of August 6, 2019.Oxygen Not Included. Critter sensors and airlocks don't mix. So, I've been using an airlock design I'm happy with. Gas pump, filter, atmo sensor set to 400g, in about a 5 tile wide space between powered doors. It works great for traversing most biomes without exosuits or waterlocks. I've built them around every exit to by base this game and ...Since the maximum size Is 96, a ranch can handle up to 8 critters. When a critter is not given enough space, the critters get an overcrowded debuff ( Confined debuff comes in when the total space is < 12 tiles). Overcrowded critters will not produce eggs, and this applies both to tame and wild critters. < 12 tiles per critter A critter sensor in the trap is set to "Below 1", or in other words if there are zero critters in the trap, send a green signal that opens the door. Once a critter is in the trap, the red signal closes the door, drowning the critter, once the critter is dead the sensor sends a green signal again. The signal is gated via a FILTER gate to keep ... Autowrangle will have ranchers automatically wrangle any critters over the number. Common use: remove all eggs from stable to another location with a critter dropoff with max critters set to zero and autowrangle on. When they hatch and become adults the rancher will automatically wrangle them and take them to another location. Critter Sensor compares the number of tamed eggs or Critters in a room with the set threshold. You are able to toggle between detecting either eggs or critters, or both. You can select whether it activates if it is above or below that threshold. It does not count Morbs, because they cannot be tamed. Drowning chamber AP-396529: Critter Sensor now has toggles for detecting Critters/Eggs/Both AP ... Oxygen Not Included. All Discussions Screenshots Artwork Broadcasts Videos Workshop News Guides Reviews ... It is clear that the critters were not able to sustain the bonus on 6-7 plants each, but in my estimation the correct value is around 4.3-4.5 plants per divergent. Adding a 4th critter provided a substantial increase to the …r/Oxygennotincluded. • 5 yr. ago. vascoegert. A Comprehensive Guide to Critter Debuffs. Good evening fellow dupes and dupettes, I've been seeing a lot of confusion and misinformation during the last couple of weeks, …Jan 1, 2021 · Here I'd like to offer you my way of automating my meat farm. It is a construction that I make sure to always have in each of my asteroids, that allows for a... Your mattress might be nastier than you think. Fortunately, it's easy to clean and disinfect it. Advertisement Most of us spend about a third of our lives in bed. But if you were t...The range of medical oxygen cylinder sizes goes from M-2 to M-250 and includes M-4, M-6, M-7, M-9, M-22, M-24, M-60 and M-122. The diameter sizes range from 2 1/2 inches to 52 inch...Pip is a critter added in the Launch Update. Pips eat growing branches straight off the Arbor Tree or growing Thimble Reeds and excrete Dirt. Juvenile Pips are called Pipsqueaks. Pips plant seeds in natural tiles with a Hardness rating under 150. They plant Waterweed seeds only if the materials have salt water above. They do not appear to plant other seeds in … Ranching lets you tame and raise critters so they lay more eggs and (in some cases) produce more materials. All ranching related errands require a duplicant with the Critter Ranching skill, same for supplying Critter Feeders and Fish Feeders, and moving already wrangled critters to a Critter... Respiratory problems are a major factor for many people. Various damage that is done to the respiratory system and lungs can mean that breathing air like others Respiratory problem...Oxygen Not Included. PSA: You can wrangle flying critters. It is possible to wrangle flying critters such as the Shine Bug or even the Gassy Moo. Build a critter drop off. Set it to auto wrangle, set the amount to 0. Choose the critter you want to wrangle. A rancher will auto wrangle the critter.More Oxygen Not Included Wiki. 1 Building. 2 Geyser. 3 Guide/Self-Powering Oxygen Machine. Plant Pulverizer is a Refinement building that provides an alternative way to Gassy Moo Ranching to produce Brackene by using Water and certain cultivable plants. The Plant Pulverizer requires Duplicant operation. It …Printing pod finally sends me a pip. But I cannot get the duplicants to send it to my critter drop-off. I even made a critter drop off, with "All" selected, priority 9, and they won't touch the pip. However they have time to handle priority 3-4 tasks. It's not a taks problem, it's not that they don't have time, something with the drop-off is ...Jan 29, 2023 ... Comments32 · Hatch Ranching Tutorial | Oxygen Not Included · Best Saturn Critter Trap Farm - Oxygen Not Included (Tutorial) · Critter Tier Lis...Oxygen Not Included - Critter Tutorial Bites. GCFungus. 15 videos 15,232 views Updated 4 days ago. This is my comprehensive guide series that will cover every aspect of the …Community for the space-colony simulation game Oxygen Not Included, developed by Klei. ... 25 wide and includes 1 grooming station, 1 drop off, 1 or 2 critter feeders, some storage for the rocks you are feeding them, and a door and a tile high so there is a gap at ,the top.Set priority on drop off at ranches to x, and drop off in drowning chamber to x-1. Critters from incubators will go to ranches first, then if no room in the ranches, the drowning chamber. Some modifications:. First, build a sweeper overtop to collect meat before any other hatches get the chance to eat them.When you get older, ordinary things become a lot harder. And when you have chronic lung problems such as COPD, even breathing can be a challenge. That’s why you should consider usi...It is easier to move puft eggs around than to capture wild pufts. You can use airborne critter bait, but that just causes the puft to move to where the bait is. It does not capture the puft. Instead, you have to enclose the area into a room and turn it into a ranch. You can then wrangle the pufts and move them to the permanent ranch. Interesting. More Oxygen Not Included Wiki. 1 Building. 2. 3. Critter Feeder automatically dispenses food for hungry Critters. Critters tend to stay close to their food source and will wander less when given a Feeder. It can store up to 2000 kg of critter food. The following critters (and their variants) can feed from critter feeder: Hatch Shine Bug... Oxygen Not Included. Community for the space-colony simulation game Oxygen Not Included, developed by Klei. 189K Members. 321 Online. Top 1% Rank by size. Related. Oxygen Not Included Survival game Gaming. r/factorio.Dec 22, 2020 · Intro: 0:00Setting up a Critter Stable: 1:58Capturing and Grooming Critters: 5:39Feeding Critters: 8:16Managing the Critter Population Size: 9:56Incubators: ... Did you know there are some beneficial critters in your yard? Don’t get rid of these three garden helpers that offer natural pest control. Expert Advice On Improving Your Home Vide... This video is sponsored by Klei.Oxygen Not Included is now fully released. Click the link for 33% off - http://bit.ly/ONI_FullReleaseMAP SEED - 83540888How t... I don't think there's any way of autsweeping creature transfer. I always have the incubators in a separate room with a drop off set to wrangle anything above zero. That way the dupes automatically transfer them out and reset the incubator. You can't. The only way is stable with drop off point.0:00 / 19:18. Safe Automated Critter Recycling! Oxygen Not Included Guide. Brothgar. 116K subscribers. 129K views 3 years ago #oxygennotincluded. We can recycle …Oxygen Not Included [Oxygen Not Included] - General Discussion [Oxygen Not Included: Spaced Out!] - General Discussion ; Guide for Saturn Critter Trap. Guide for Saturn Critter Trap. ... Guide for Saturn Critter Trap. Theme **Hot Lava** **Mark of the Ninja** **Invisible, Inc.** Klei Default 2022 …Critter Feeder automatically dispenses food for hungry Critters. Critters tend to stay close to their food source and will wander less when given a Feeder. It can store up to 2000 kg …Jan 1, 2021 · Here I'd like to offer you my way of automating my meat farm. It is a construction that I make sure to always have in each of my asteroids, that allows for a... When wrangled and ready for pick up, the critter's Available Errands list is *empty* and it has NO priority. Even though the in-game info box says Relocate Critter is a *Ranching* type task, anyone can do the pick up (tested). If every ranch is at drop-off max population, any stray critters can be wrangled, but will never be …This tutorial bite for Oxygen Not Included is a detailed look at both pips and cuddle pips, and how to ranch them for dirt and cuddles.0:00 - Intro0:18 - Pip...Printing pod finally sends me a pip. But I cannot get the duplicants to send it to my critter drop-off. I even made a critter drop off, with "All" selected, priority 9, and they won't touch the pip. However they have time to handle priority 3-4 tasks. It's not a taks problem, it's not that they don't have time, something with the drop-off is ... More Oxygen Not Included Wiki. 1 Building. 2 Geyser. 3 Guide/Self-Powering Oxygen Machine. All critters have a base variant. When a critter lays an egg, there's a chance that the egg will produce a different variant (so call "morph") of that critter. For example, a Hatch can morph into a "Sage Hatch", "Stone Hatch", or "Smooth Hatch". QUONSET, R.I., Aug. 12, 2020 /PRNewswire-PRWeb/ -- The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for the ... QUONSET, R.I., Aug. 12, 2020 /...When you get older, ordinary things become a lot harder. And when you have chronic lung problems such as COPD, even breathing can be a challenge. That’s why you should consider usi...

Oxygen Not Included - Critter Tutorial Bites. GCFungus. 15 videos 15,232 views Updated 4 days ago. This is my comprehensive guide series that will cover every aspect of the …. Marketplace lawn mowers for sale

oxygen not included critter

The Complete Beginner's Completely Incomplete Guide to Oxygen Not Included. RANCHING BASICS. Contents: Introduction. Ranching prerequisites. The stable (and …Replacing the oxygen (O2S) sensor on your Volkswagen Jetta is a simple process. Wear long sleeves and working gloves if necessary to prevent skin burns, and then follow these steps...Oxygen Not Included. All Discussions Screenshots Artwork Broadcasts Videos Workshop News Guides Reviews ... To tame a critter, make a drop off station inside a room with a set amt of space, then place a grooming station in it. Set the drop off with whatever critter you wanted dropped in there. Then …Oct 31, 2020 ... OXYGEN NOT INCLUDED Oxygen Not Included allows players to manage ... Oxygen Not Included - Critter Tutorial Bites - Hatches. GCFungus•33K ...One thing you can do is click on the grooming station and check the errands list. It will tell you if the grooming station is calling for a dupe or not. If it is, you have a priority problem. Make sure your dupes with the grooming skill have it set to highest priority. If it isn't, you could have the same bug I did.Oxygen Not Included [Oxygen Not Included] - General Discussion [Oxygen Not Included: Spaced Out!] - General Discussion ; Guide for Saturn Critter Trap. Guide for Saturn Critter Trap. ... Guide for Saturn Critter Trap. Theme **Hot Lava** **Mark of the Ninja** **Invisible, Inc.** Klei Default 2022 …Jan 1, 2021 · Here I'd like to offer you my way of automating my meat farm. It is a construction that I make sure to always have in each of my asteroids, that allows for a... The "bandage" you see isn't a bandage all my hatches have them and none are injured. I think it's a tag to show they're tame. They look different and are in a different place (around the neck like a dog collar) but even my dreckos have similar. I think they just get better over time.Pokeshell is a critter that lives in the Tide Pool Biome. They can live in both air and liquid and can be domesticated. They will consume both Rot Piles and Polluted Dirt at 70 kg/cycle, with Oakshells and Sanishells also consuming Slime. Pokeshells drop a Molt when they die, which can be turned into Lime or Lumber with the Rock …Works with any ground critter (not just morbs). Basically you'll want one or multiple "waiting room" with one critter each (just make small 1-width rooms, separated with doors that close behind the critters if the room detects any critter), and the "critter delivery system" at the end. You can make critters fall to another room that way. This tutorial bite for Oxygen Not Included is a detailed look at all of the different types of hatch and how to ranch them.0:00 - Intro0:21 - Hatches around ... Sep 2, 2021 · Producing Coal and Refined Metal with Hatches in Oxygen Not Included. Once the player has researched ranching and assigned a duplicant the critter ranching skill in Oxygen Not Included, they can begin the process of Hatch ranching. A Hatch stable can safely be built inside a player's main base. A stable must contain a grooming station and must ... if you don't feed it and it doesn't have any food in it's enclosure then it should. #1. AlexMBrennan Oct 4, 2022 @ 9:26am. Yes; however, you may want to expedite the disposal of unwanted critters because some variants of hatches can eat meat. #2. Xeno42 Oct 4, 2022 @ 10:07am. 50 kg. WIP. Critter Drop-Off allows duplicants to move a captured critter to a different location. Creatures can be captured using a Critter Trap or through being wrangled by a duplicant with Ranching skill . It is possible to set a limit of Critters. YouTube™ Video: Learn to Auto-Murder your critters in 4.5 minutes. Ranching in ONI often requires killing critters for meat and to prevent overcrowding. Most builds for this seem over-complicated to me, here's a relatively simple way. If not drop then raise the water level with a door.You can open the stone hatch and select specific items on the list. If you just check stone hatch, it will load anything they can eat. Thank you! You don't have to select the critter type in the critter feeder, instead click the arrow next to "Stone Hatches" for example, and there you can select the material you want your hatches to eat.The Saturn Critter Trap plant is a carnivorous plant that lays in wait for unsuspecting critters to happen by, then traps them in its mouth for consumption. The Saturn Trap Plant's predatory mechanism is reflective of the harsh radioactive habitat it resides in. Once trapped in the deadly maw of the plant. creatures are gently asphyxiated then ...I havent played in a while, so this may be horribly out of date / mis-remembered, but having a Rancher who could Wrangle creatures, then take them to a drop-off point you'd built <- used to be how it was done, I think. You may have to set the drop-off to include the specific wrangled creature. Last edited by Kittenpox ; Aug 1, 2019 @ …Not described in either creature description or dictionary thing boi. Just said they can be ranched and their made of DuPe Ooze. In the last stream, one of the Klei people - the loremaster - said she is working on filling in all that stuff.Oxygen Not Included. Critter sensors and airlocks don't mix. So, I've been using an airlock design I'm happy with. Gas pump, filter, atmo sensor set to 400g, in about a 5 tile wide space between powered doors. It works great for traversing most biomes without exosuits or waterlocks. I've built them around every exit to by base this game and ... List of Critters. There are 11 different categories of Critters in Oxygen Not Included. Most of them hatch from Eggs, which can be eaten or allowed to hatch into young versions of the Critters.... .

Popular Topics